User:Amgine/SG Details-I
| Amgine's style guide details |
|---|
| 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
Ice Age[edit]
Capitalize as proper noun.
ice cream[edit]
Not iced cream. Two words for noun use, hyphenated for adjectival use.
Iceland[edit]
Full title Republic of Iceland.
ice skate, ice-skate[edit]
The sport/activity is somewhat complex as English is somewhat clumsy in two-word verbs:
- ice skate (noun)
- ice-skate (verb)
- ice skating (noun)
- ice-skating (adjectival)
- ice-skater (noun)
ie[edit]
Id est, "that is". Always use comma to either side, ie, as an interjection. The abbreviation is not italicized, and no dots. Do not confuse with eg; ie is used before a restatement of the previous.
ilk[edit]
Means "the same", especially the same surname, not of that kind. Best avoided.
In Scots dialects of English, the phrasal construction [Surname] of that ilk indicates the person surname is also the name of the location where xe resides - Johnstone of Johnstone for example. It may also indicate a clan territory or lands, Dixson of Inverurie (Dixson being a sept of Keith), or membership in a clan, sept, or family.
immolate[edit]
Means "to sacrifice", not necessarily by fire. Use cautiously.
impacted[edit]
Do not use except referring to the dental/medical conditions.
important[edit]
Wherever used, explain why something/someone is important, and to whom.
imply[edit]
To suggest or insinuate. Infer is to deduce. Do not confuse these two terms.
inchoate[edit]
"Just begun" or "newly formed", not incoherent or chaotic.
in connection[edit]
Often irrelevant in application. Eg, police take actions in connection with a crime so one may simply state the police took actions; the connection is assumed.
index, indices, indexes[edit]
Indices is the plural, except in books where they are indexes.
India, place names[edit]
Prefer the current names selected by the governments of India:
| Prefer | Formerly |
|---|---|
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in fact[edit]
May, in fact, almost always be omitted.
infer[edit]
To draw a conclusion. Do not confuse with imply, which means to suggest a conclusion.
in happier times[edit]
Do not use in photo captions, full stop.
initials[edit]
See also acronyms.
Where very well known there is no need for the initial full title with initials in parentheses. Otherwise, do use the form Some Corporation, Inc. (SCI). Be mindful to also use forms such as "the group" and "the corporation" to avoid masses of initials in the body of the article.
Where the initials can be pronounced as a word, use first-letter capitalization as in Nato, Unesco. This is not a hard rule, as with NAFTA, EFTA. Initials which can be pronounced are not usually preceded with an article, while those which cannot usually are, eg, the BBC and the GDP but FIFA and Unicef.
Long initials, such as NASUWT for National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers, have little benefit over constructions such as "the union" which is more readily understood.
Abbreviations which are made up of parts of words rather than strictly initials should likewise follow first-letter capitalization except when a trade or company name, eg, MiG and ConsGold.
Do not use abbreviations and initials to compress text; Wikinews is not a classified ads.
Use lower case for kg, lb (never lbs), km, mph, and other measures without dots. Similarly, am and pm but capitalize AD, BC, BCE, and CE. When used with numerals, do not include a space between the numerals and the measurement initials.
Many scientific measures are named after individuals and should be capitalized, though any attachment indicating magnitude should follow international standards. Example: the electrical measurement watts, kilowatt, milliwatt, and megawatt are given as W, kW, mW, and MW respectively.
Initials in a person's name are followed by a dot. Multiple initials preceding the surname are only separated by the dot, and the final dot is separated from the surname by a space. Thus, V.P. Singh, T.S. Eliot, E.I. Du Pont de Nemours. Spell out in full junior and senior in a person's name, George Bush senior and George Bush junior. Use Roman numerals to indicate which figure of the name for heads of state who style as the second, eg, George II of Greece. For non-heads of state, Roman numerals to indicate which person follow the name with an intervening space, eg, John D. Rockefeller IV.
MP is used widely for both Members of Parliament and Military Police; consider whether clarification might be necessary in the article's setting.
innocent[edit]
Avoid loose use. Anyone killed or injured when not committing a crime is innocent. It is best to use only in the literal sense of not guilty. Prefer victim over innocent victim.
in order to[edit]
Omit "in order".
insignia[edit]
Is both singular and plural. Never use insignias.
instalment, installment[edit]
Both are correct, in context. Instalment is preferred in UK and most commonwealth nations, while installment is preferred in the US.
Institute for Public Policy Research[edit]
The United Kingdom policy institute prefers its acronym be all lower case - ippr - which is visually problematic for readers. Prefer "the institute" for subsequent mentions.
International Atomic Energy Agency[edit]
IAEA, never Authority.
International Criminal Court[edit]
ICC. Based in The Hague its jurisdiction is complementary to national courts, acting only when countries are unable or unwilling to investigate or prosecute individuals for the most horrific of crimes. Established by multilateral treaty, it is independent of the United Nations and designed to replace the ad hoc system of UN tribunals.
Although 110 countries are party to the Rome Treaty which established the ICC, the United States, Israel, and Sudan have "unsigned" and are under no legal obligations related to it. A further 35 countries have yet to ratify the treaty.
International Security Assistance Force[edit]
Isaf. The Nato-led mission in Afghanistan as established by the UN Security Council in Dec. 2001.
investigation[edit]
The launch of investigations are often reported, but very rarely their conclusions rendering the initial report useless. Use sparingly, preferably only regarding investigations which themselves are news. Investigations are of a subject, not into it.
Ireland[edit]
The island, an element of the geographic region called the British Isles. On the island are two sovereign states, the Republic of Ireland, controlling approximately five-sixths of the land area, and Northern Ireland, a subdivision of the United Kingdom.
Never use Eire for either country on Ireland; it is only used in historical reference.
There is extensive jargon relative to the countries of Ireland and the recent and current political/social situations. If there are disputes regarding the use of terms please note them here (and leave a note on my talk page) for neutral clarifications.
Irgun Zvai Leumi[edit]
Terrorist zionist organization instrumental in establishing and supporting the state of Israel. Absorbed into the Israeli Defense Fources in 1948. Commonly referred to in Israel today as Etzl. The phrase is only used as historic reference, though it is itself a shorthand for Ha'Irgun HaTzva'i HaLe'umi BeEretz Yisra'el.
Isaf[edit]
-ise, -isation[edit]
Preferred construction in most cases in the United Kingdom and most commonwealth nations. With many exceptions. Look up specific terms at Wiktionary.
it[edit]
Wherever possible, avoid the imprecision of it.
-ize, -ization[edit]
Preferred construction in most cases in the United States. With many exceptions. Look up specific terms at Wiktionary.
Islam[edit]
A monotheistic religion originating from the teachings of Muhammad having the same roots as Christianity and Judaism. Its followers are known as Muslim, "one who has faith."
Islamist[edit]
A person who espouses a fundamentalist Muslim faith, or that which is characterized by such a faith.
Islamic terms[edit]
Like other religions, a range of jargon exists related to Islam and there are rules guiding its capitalization, punctuation, and use in English:
| fatwa | |
| Hadith | The texts |
| hajj | An annual pilgrimage to Mecca, which every Muslim intends to be a part of at least once in xyr life. |
| halal | Literally "lawful", and in English use is almost always applied to meats from animals properly prepared. |
| Kabba | The most sacred shrine in Mecca |
| kafir | Heathen, pagan, non-believer. Generally applied to any non-Muslim, but strictly applied does not include ahl al-kitab (Christians, Jews.) |
| Sharia | There is no consensus on the exact definition of Sharia. Due to this, be cautious in using the term. |
| ummah | The world-wide community of Muslims. |
italics[edit]
Use italics for for foreign words or phrases (with roman translation in brackets), poetry, and scientific names.
Do not use italics in headlines, headers, or for titles.